Login

A login is a set of credentials used to authenticate a user. Most often, these consist of a username and password. However, a login may include other information, such as a PIN number, passcode, or passphrase. Some logins require a biometric identifier, such as a fingerprint or retina scan.

Logins are used by websites, computer applications, and mobile apps. They are a security measure designed to prevent unauthorized access to confidential data. When a login fails (i.e, the username and password combination does not match a user account), the user is disallowed access. Many systems block users from even trying to log in after multiple failed login attempts.

Examples of logins include:

• Operating system login – Windows and Mac systems can be configured to require a login in order to use the computer after it is turned on or woken from sleep mode. A login may also be required to install software or modify system files.
• Website login – Webmail interfaces, financial websites, and many other sites require a username and password in order to access account information.
• App store login – App stores like Google Play and Apple's App Store require a login to download mobile apps, music, and other files.
• FTP login – file transfer programs often require a login in order to browse, send, and receive files from an FTP server.
• Router login – Wired and wireless routers typically require an administrator login to modify the settings.

At a basic level, logins make user accounts possible. Most systems require unique usernames, which ensures every user's login is different. On a more advanced level, logins provide a security layer between unsecured and secure activity. Once a user logs in to a secure website, for example, all data transfers are typically encrypted. This prevents other systems from viewing or recording the data transferred from the server.

NOTE: Login is technically a noun, not a verb. To enter a username and password is to "log in," "sign in," or "log on" (two words).